{"componentChunkName":"component---plugins-precisionhydration-src-templates-blog-blog-post-jsx","path":"/performance-advice/nutrition/comparing-race-nutrition-strategies-for-ironman-and-ironman-70-3/","result":{"data":{"site":{"siteMetadata":{"title":"Precision Fuel & Hydration","siteUrl":"https://www.precisionhydration.com"}},"contentfulBlogPost":{"noIndex":false,"updatedAt":"2024-05-03T14:48:18.1818+00:00","publishDate":"2023-08-23T00:00:00.000+00:00","title":"IRONMAN® vs IRONMAN® 70.3®: Comparing race nutrition strategies","customMetaTitle":"IRONMAN® vs IM 70.3®: Comparing race nutrition strategies","customMetaDescription":{"customMetaDescription":"PF&H Sports Scientist Emily Arrell compares the race nutrition strategies of IRONMAN® and IM 70.3® athletes to see how a change in distance impacts fueling approaches... ","childMarkdownRemark":{"html":"<p>PF&#x26;H Sports Scientist Emily Arrell compares the race nutrition strategies of IRONMAN® and IM 70.3® athletes to see how a change in distance impacts fueling approaches... </p>"}},"slug":"comparing-race-nutrition-strategies-for-ironman-and-ironman-70-3","blogTags":"Nutrition","featuredPost":false,"author":{"name":"Emily Arrell","slug":"emily-arrell","facebookHandle":null,"twitterHandle":null,"instagramHandle":"https://www.instagram.com/emily_arrell/?","linkedInProfile":"https://www.linkedin.com/in/emilyarrell/","stravaProfile":null,"bio":{"childMarkdownRemark":{"html":"<p>Emily is a Sports Scientist who graduated from the University of Bath with First Class Honours in BSc Sport and Exercise Science. </p>\n<p>Emily spent her placement year working on the Sports Science team at Precision Fuel &#x26; Hydration, and she made such an impression on the team that we employed her on a full-time basis as soon as she finished her studies.</p>\n<p>As well as being the best soccer player at PF&#x26;H, Emily works closely with elite and amateur athletes to help them nail their race nutrition strategies. And she plays a central role in research and in the analysis of Athlete Case Studies. </p>"}},"title":"Sports Scientist","headshot":{"file":{"url":"//images.ctfassets.net/428xzyjdw7rf/5Zc47Vg4CvPN4JpYXO6ekf/c999517a1d0a162b7f58e447df3ac852/Emily.png"}}},"scientificallyReviewed":null,"image":{"resize":{"src":"//images.ctfassets.net/428xzyjdw7rf/20DrKdH7sNuZ7ZCoscWyhe/9a31e028d11b36e88cdfbc496a612671/ezgif.com-resize__61_.jpg?w=1200&h=630&q=70&fit=fill","width":1200,"height":630}},"socialMediaImage":null,"body":{"childMarkdownRemark":{"excerpt":"Ahead of the 2023 IRONMAN 70.3 and IRONMAN World Championships, I compared the race nutrition strategies of triathletes racing over 70.3 and 140.6 miles for an…","html":"<p>Ahead of the 2023 IRONMAN 70.3 and IRONMAN World Championships, I compared the race nutrition strategies of triathletes racing over 70.3 and 140.6 miles for an edition of the <a href=\"https://precision-hydration-1.myklpages.com/p/newslettersignup?_kx=omtuFg4v2uvr9Mhay4toRizkj8i7IX_JHg8X2acEoBs%3D.gHYvqA\" title=\"Precision Fuel &#x26; Hydration Newsletter\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\">PF&#x26;H newsletter</a>. </p>\n<p>I crunched the numbers from 137 <a href=\"https://www.precisionhydration.com/athletes/case-studies/?_kx=\" target=\"_blank\">Athlete Case Studies</a> to see how a change in distance affects their fueling strategy.</p>\n<p>I've shared our initial findings below and will return to update this article as we continue to add Athlete Case Studies to our database... </p>\n<p><strong>Article Last Updated: 23rd August 2023.</strong></p>\n<h3 id=\"how-they-fuel-ironman-vs-im-703\">How they fuel: IRONMAN® vs IM 70.3®</h3>\n<p><strong>Carbohydrate</strong>, <strong>fluid</strong> and <strong>sodium</strong> are '<a href=\"https://www.precisionhydration.com/performance-advice/nutrition/nutrition-endurance-performance/?_kx=\" target=\"_blank\">The 3 Key Levers</a>' of a successful race nutrition strategy for endurance athletes. </p>\n<p><span\n        class=\"gatsby-resp-image-wrapper\"\n        style=\"position: relative; display: block; ; max-width: 650px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\n      >\n        <span\n          class=\"gatsby-resp-image-background-image\"\n          style=\"padding-bottom: 100%; position: relative; bottom: 0; left: 0; background-image: 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background-size: cover; display: block;\"\n        >\n          <picture>\n          <source\n            srcset=\"https://images.ctfassets.net/428xzyjdw7rf/3r3hSMdZZdvrVV5USZimCg/8e2e1b9d4fd6cafc1c63eb33fdc5261e/ezgif.com-resize__62_.jpg?w=200&fm=webp 200w,\nhttps://images.ctfassets.net/428xzyjdw7rf/3r3hSMdZZdvrVV5USZimCg/8e2e1b9d4fd6cafc1c63eb33fdc5261e/ezgif.com-resize__62_.jpg?w=400&fm=webp 400w,\nhttps://images.ctfassets.net/428xzyjdw7rf/3r3hSMdZZdvrVV5USZimCg/8e2e1b9d4fd6cafc1c63eb33fdc5261e/ezgif.com-resize__62_.jpg?w=800&fm=webp 800w\"\n            sizes=\"(max-width: 650px) 100vw, 650px\"\n            type=\"image/webp\"\n          />\n          <source\n            srcset=\"https://images.ctfassets.net/428xzyjdw7rf/3r3hSMdZZdvrVV5USZimCg/8e2e1b9d4fd6cafc1c63eb33fdc5261e/ezgif.com-resize__62_.jpg?w=200 200w,\nhttps://images.ctfassets.net/428xzyjdw7rf/3r3hSMdZZdvrVV5USZimCg/8e2e1b9d4fd6cafc1c63eb33fdc5261e/ezgif.com-resize__62_.jpg?w=400 400w,\nhttps://images.ctfassets.net/428xzyjdw7rf/3r3hSMdZZdvrVV5USZimCg/8e2e1b9d4fd6cafc1c63eb33fdc5261e/ezgif.com-resize__62_.jpg?w=800 800w\"\n            sizes=\"(max-width: 650px) 100vw, 650px\"\n          />\n          <img\n            class=\"gatsby-resp-image-image\"\n            style=\"width: 100%; height: 100%; margin: 0; vertical-align: middle; position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; box-shadow: inset 0px 0px 0px 400px white;\"\n            alt=\" \"\n            title=\"\"\n            src=\"https://images.ctfassets.net/428xzyjdw7rf/3r3hSMdZZdvrVV5USZimCg/8e2e1b9d4fd6cafc1c63eb33fdc5261e/ezgif.com-resize__62_.jpg\"\n            loading=\"lazy\"\n          />\n        </picture>\n        </span>\n      </span></p>\n<p>I've taken a look at how 66 IM 70.3 and 71 IM athletes pulled those levers during races...</p>\n<p><strong>⛽ Carbohydrate</strong></p>\n<ul>\n<li>During the two years that we've been collecting athlete's race nutrition data, IM 70.3 triathletes consumed an <strong>average of ~75g of carb per hour</strong> - which aligns very nicely with the <a href=\"https://www.precisionhydration.com/planner/\" title=\"The Fuel &#x26; Hydration Planner\" target=\"_blank\">Fuel &#x26; Hydration Planner's</a> recommendation for these middle-distance events ✅  </li>\n<li>Of course, your intake will be impacted by race intensity and conditions on the day, so it's no surprise that we saw a wide range of carb numbers, from as little as ~28g/h to a massive ~126g/h </li>\n<li>70.3ers 'front-loaded' their fueling as they hit <strong>~91g/h on the bike</strong> before dropping down to <strong>~57g/h on the run</strong></li>\n</ul>\n<p>This <strong>37% drop-off</strong> makes sense for two reasons:</p>\n<ol>\n<li>You're able to absorb more earlier in a race, before a combination of gut damage and dehydration occurs</li>\n<li>Front-loading puts you in a position where you don't need to be as aggressive on the run (many athletes find it more difficult to get carbs on board during the run compared to on the bike)</li>\n</ol>\n<p>Let's see how our full IRONMAN case studies compare...</p>\n<ul>\n<li>Full-distance triathletes averaged a slightly higher <strong>~80g/h</strong> across the whole race - with a range of ~37g/h to ~130g/h</li>\n<li>They also front-loaded by averaging <strong>~96g/h</strong> on the bike, before a smaller drop-off to <strong>~74g/h</strong> on the run</li>\n</ul>\n<p>There are two potential explanations as to why the drop-off from bike-to-run was only <strong>23%</strong> for full IRONMAN races:</p>\n<ol>\n<li>IM athletes in our dataset ran an average marathon time of 3:20:01 (vs 70.3ers' time of 1:22:05 for the half marathon). Those racing 140.3 have to run twice the distance and are on their feet for more than double the time, so have to put greater emphasis on keeping their carb intake up to prevent fading in the later stages</li>\n<li>Furthermore, they’re working at a lower intensity on the run, making carb intake easier compared to 70.3</li>\n</ol>\n<p><strong>💧 Fluid</strong></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Our cohort also front-loaded their fluid intake, although the drop-off is less pronounced than with fueling...</li>\n<li>70.3 athletes drank <strong>~706ml/h on the bike leg</strong> and <strong>~502ml/h on the run</strong> - <em>a <strong>29%</strong> difference</em></li>\n<li>Full IM athletes drank <strong>~865ml/h</strong> and <strong>~771ml/h</strong> respectively (<em><strong>-11%</strong></em>)</li>\n<li>This averaged out at ~<strong>563ml per hour overall</strong> for the middle-distance and <strong>~735ml/h</strong> for full-distance. It seems likely that IM athletes are drinking more per hour because they need to stay on top of mounting sweat losses over a longer duration</li>\n</ul>\n<p><strong>🧂Sodium</strong> </p>\n<ul>\n<li>The 70.3 athletes' drinks contained <strong>~1,000mg of sodium per litre</strong> on average, compared with IM athletes' <strong>~972mg/L</strong></li>\n<li>We'd expect these numbers to be similar because the <a href=\"https://www.precisionhydration.com/performance-advice/hydration/precision-hydration-packaging/?_kx=\" target=\"_blank\">relative sodium concentration</a> of your drinks should be geared towards replacing an adequate proportion off your sweat sodium losses</li>\n<li>We know from our <a href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nUwcOfPTcrM&#x26;_kx=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\">Sweat Tests</a> that the average athlete's sweat sodium concentration is ~949mg/L. So, both groups appear to be doing a solid job of replacing their losses<a href=\"https://www.precisionhydration.com/performance-advice/hydration/precision-hydration-packaging/?_kx=\" target=\"_blank\"></a></li>\n</ul>\n<div class=\"page-body center\"><a href=\"https://www.precisionhydration.com/planner/\" class=\"button green margintop\">Get a fueling plan for your next race</a></div>\n<p><strong>☕ Caffeine</strong></p>\n<p>In addition to the 3 levers, caffeine is one of very few supplements that's scientifically proven to <a href=\"https://www.precisionhydration.com/performance-advice/nutrition/should-athletes-use-caffeine/?_kx=\" target=\"_blank\">provide most athletes with performance benefits</a>... </p>\n<ul>\n<li>So, it's no surprise to see that <strong>96%</strong> of IM and <strong>77%</strong> of 70.3 athletes utilised caffeine during their races</li>\n<li>We'd expect full distance triathletes to use more caffeine because they're in greater need of a 'boost' to ward off fatigue during this longer format of racing (the average finishing time of our cohort was 9:27:40)</li>\n<li>In fact, their caffeine intake <em>increased</em> from ~<strong>167mg</strong> on the bike to ~<strong>177mg</strong> during the marathon</li>\n<li>In contrast, 70.3 athletes' use of caffeine mirrored carb and fluid intakes as they dropped from ~<strong>108mg</strong> on the bike to ~<strong>58mg</strong> during the half-marathon</li>\n<li>Given the average finish time for the 70.3 distance was 4:15:06, it makes intuitive sense to use the caffeine earlier in the race because it <a href=\"https://www.precisionhydration.com/performance-advice/nutrition/how-much-caffeine-should-athletes-use/?_kx=\" target=\"_blank\">takes ~45 minutes to peak in your bloodstream</a> and has a half-life of 4-5 hours</li>\n</ul>\n<h3 id=\"how-they-prepared\">How they prepared</h3>\n<p>As well as how you fuel and hydrate during a race, what you eat and drink in the build-up can have an impact on your performance...</p>\n<p><strong>⌚ Pre-fuel</strong></p>\n<ul>\n<li>A whopping <strong>82%</strong> of the triathletes in our dataset consumed a gel or a chew in the final 30 minutes before their race</li>\n<li>Taking in a <a href=\"https://www.precisionhydration.com/performance-advice/nutrition/final-pre-exercise-meal-carb-intake/?_kx=\" target=\"_blank\">final dose of carb before the start</a> will deliver additional fuel to be used in the early stages and increase your energy levels</li>\n</ul>\n<p><strong>⌚  Preload</strong></p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>83%</strong> drank a strong electrolyte drink like <a href=\"https://www.precisionhydration.com/collections/1500s/?_kx=\" target=\"_blank\">PH 1500</a> before their race</li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.precisionhydration.com/performance-advice/hydration/how-to-start-hydrated-and-why-that-is-important-sodium-preloading-what-to-do-before-a-race-hydration/?_kx=#how-to-preload-effectively:~:text=%C2%A0if%20unchecked.-,How%20to%20preload%20effectively,-It%E2%80%99s%20about%20striking\" target=\"_blank\">Preloading will boost your blood volume</a>, a proven way to enhance performance during exercise, especially in the heat</li>\n</ul>\n<h3 id=\"further-reading\">Further reading</h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.precisionhydration.com/performance-advice/nutrition/nutrition-endurance-performance/\" title=\"How to get your fueling and hydration strategy right for endurance performance\" target=\"_blank\">How to get your fueling and hydration strategy right for endurance performance</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.precisionhydration.com/performance-advice/nutrition/how-much-carbohydrate-carbs-athletes-per-hour/\" title=\"How much carbohydrate do athletes need per hour?\" target=\"_blank\">How much carbohydrate do athletes need per hour?</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.precisionhydration.com/performance-advice/hydration/sodium-for-athletes/\" title=\"Why sodium is crucial to athletes performing at their best\" target=\"_blank\">Why sodium is crucial to athletes performing at their best</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.precisionhydration.com/performance-advice/hydration/how-to-measure-your-sweat-rate/\" title=\"How to measure your sweat rate to improve your hydration strategy\" target=\"_blank\">How to measure your sweat rate to improve your hydration strategy</a></li>\n</ul>","timeToRead":6,"headings":[{"depth":3,"value":"How they fuel: IRONMAN® vs IM 70.3®"},{"depth":3,"value":"How they prepared"},{"depth":3,"value":"Further reading"}]}},"reviewer":null}},"pageContext":{"slug":"comparing-race-nutrition-strategies-for-ironman-and-ironman-70-3","noIndex":false}},"staticQueryHashes":["1095528202","1204021508","142052947","1485196607","1527722960","2488678560","266977044","2746441856","2932112381","3035445994","3266792109","3683832922","3998591504","4055654595","4087350428","473255425","608825219","657160472"]}